However, when negotiations failed to result in a settlement, Khartoum increased troop strength in the south to about 12,000 in 1969, and intensified military activity throughout the region. Government operations against the rebels declined after the 1969 coup. Roughly two million people … Jan 1, 1956. The national government issued a decree legalizing the agreement and creating an international armistice commission to ensure the well-being of returning southern refugees. The Second Sudanese Civil War was a conflict from 1983 to 2005 between the central Sudanese government and the Sudan People's Liberation Army.It was largely a continuation of the First Sudanese Civil War of 1955 to 1972. Although the Soviet Union had concluded a US$100 million to US$150 million arms agreement with Sudan in August 1968, which included T-55 tanks, armored personnel carriers, and aircraft, the nation failed to deliver any equipment to Khartoum by May 1969. On August 18, 1955, the Equatoria Corps, which was composed mostly of British Colonial soldiers from southern Sudan, attempted to disperse a crowd of protesters in the town of Torit, Sudan (now Torit, South Sudan). Sudanese Civil Warswere a series of wars and conflicts between the former british colony of Sudanball, and his sonSouth Sudanball. On April 6, senior military officers led by Gen. Abdul Rahman Suwar ad-Dahhab mounted a coup. The accords also recognized Arabic as Sudan's official language, and English as the south's principal language, which would be used in administration and would be taught in the schools. The southern soldiers, however, appeared to be sympathetic to the protesters, prompting the central government in Khartoum (the capital of Sudan) to replace them with troops from the northern region. Sudan's history goes back to the Pharaonic period, witnessing the Kingdom of Kerma (c. 2500–1500 BC), the subsequent rule of the Egyptian New Kingdom (c. 1500 BC–1070 BC) and the rise of the Kingdom of Kush (c. 785 BC–350 AD), which would in turn control Egypt itself for nearly a century. First Sudanese Civil War The First Sudanese Civil War between the North and the South ended with the Addis Ababa Agreement, which theoretically would allow South Sudan total autonomy of itself. script.setAttribute("src", "//www.npttech.com/advertising.js"); The Addis Ababa accords guaranteed autonomy for a southern region--composed of the three provinces of Equatoria (present-day Al Istiwai), Bahr al Ghazal, and Upper Nile (present-day Aali an Nil)--under a regional president appointed by the national president on the recommendation of an elected Southern Regional Assembly. By 1969 the rebels had developed foreign contacts to obtain weapons and supplies. Although many SSLM leaders opposed the settlement, Lagu approved its terms and both sides agreed to a cease-fire. The rebels also captured arms, equipment, and supplies from government troops. The Arab-led Khartoum government reneged on promises to southerners to create a federal system, which led to a mutiny by Southern troops in the Equatoria Province. document.cookie = "__adblocker=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; path=/";  Two years later, after attempted assassination by Sudanese communists, Nimeri, on July 19, 1971, renounced socialism and invited foreign investors into Sudan. Over the next two years, the Soviet Union delivered an impressive array of equipment to Sudan, including T-54, T-55, T56 , and T-59 tanks; and BTR-40 and BTR-152 light armored vehicles. Stalemate[12] The First Sudanese Civil War (also known as the Anyanya Rebellion or Anyanya I, after the name of the rebels, a term in the Madi language which means 'snake venom')[19] was a conflict from 1955 to 1972 between the northern part of Sudan and the southern Sudan region that demanded repre For these 17 years, the southern region experienced civil strife, and various southern leaders agitated for regional autonomy or outright secession. Despite his political problems, Nimeiri remained committed to ending the southern insurgency. Israel, for example, trained Anya Nya recruits and shipped weapons via Ethiopia and Uganda to the rebels. Great Britain, Egypt, and the Soviet Union supported the central government while the SSLM was backed by Ethiopia, Uganda, and Israel. (function(src){var a=document.createElement("script");a.type="text/javascript";a.async=true;a.src=src;var b=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];b.parentNode.insertBefore(a,b)})("//experience.tinypass.com/xbuilder/experience/load?aid=bYdYZQml5V"); In February 1953, the United Kingdom and Egypt concluded an agreement providing for Sudanese self-government and self-determination. The first Sudanese Civil War, also known as the Anyanya Rebellion (1955-1972) was concluded through a negotiated settlement that provided the South a significant degree of autonomy. The British failure to ensure equity for both the north and the south would create have lasting effects. Independence from British-Egyptian Rule Sudan gains independence from Britain and Egypt after having been taken over after the Ottoman rule. toriography on the first civil war in Sudan. The war created problems for the government in Khartoum as well. This led to a period of ten years of hiatus in the civil war. In 1971 Joseph Lagu, who had become the leader of southern forces opposed to Khartoum, proclaimed the creation of the Southern Sudan Liberation Movement (SSLM). In Uncategorized. Poorly armed and ill-organized, they w… Perhaps three million have been killed since its beginning in 1955. Sudan - First Civil War. On August 18, 1955, the Equatoria Corps, a military unit composed of southerners, mutinied at Torit. “First Sudanese Civil War,” Gale Group, https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=WHIC&u=cant48040&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CNPACDB058290952&asid=1579842000000~1969ff74; “First Sudanese Civil War,” Global Security, https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/sudan-civil-war1.htm; Hizkias Assefa, Mediation of Civil Wars, Approaches and Strategies—The Sudan Conflict (Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1987); Cecil Eprile, War and Peace in the Sudan, 1955-1972 (London, England: David and Charles Publishers, 1974). 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