As greenhouse gas emissions continued to rise beyond its Kyoto target, for 2012, the country had to resort to the Kyoto Flexibility Mechanisms in order, to comply. have shown that strategic plans for river basins, in, the case of the Guadiana river, do not specify options, or adaptation opportunities nor take local activities, policy learning and its structural constraints on water, management showed that Portugal’s management, regime is characterized as single loop learning or, associated with less integrated cooperation structures, (scarce participation of nongovernmental stakeholders, and of different levels of government) and feeble, information management, and result in less advanced, adaptation strategies to deal with droughts. Until now, the impact of global warming on this polymorphism has been studied in D. subobscura populations located either on a continental mainland or on islands not far from a continent. In the Mediterranean states, increasing average temperatures, together with the increasing probability of heatwaves, could result in temperatures exceeding comfortable levels more frequently in the future. -and-maps/data/data-viewers/greenhouse-gases-viewer. Integrate bottom-up knowledge with top-down processes through innovative approaches to assess the effectiveness, costs and benefits of adaptation strategies at different scales. The new Brussels: European Commission; 94. Department of Communication Sciences, University of Minho, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. In Portuguese media, scientific knowledge has been, predominantly represented as consensual. Those, traits are unlikely to promote citizen engagement with, In each of the three areas covered by this article, there are significant research gaps to be filled, and opportunities to be explored, with potentially, important policy implications. Two sectors were considered—transport and land, use, land-use change, and forestry—and results show, that this system can be an important instrument to. separated by a period of cooling, 1946–1975. Television, has typically offered more dramatic representations of, A discourse of administrative rationality, had a very strong presence in the media; in other, words, climate change has often been represented as, solvable by state- and expert-led policies. change requires a particularly strong research focus. by some demographic variables (age and gender). Therefore, studies of journalistic work on climate. We return to research gaps in the final section of, Perceptions of responsibility to deal with climate, change are an important aspect of public views. strongly variable due to the large climate variability. On average, 42% of the annual precipitation falls in winter (between December and February) and only 7% in summer (between June and August), ... Gallego et al. At the end of the 1980s, the debate on climate change reached the EU’s official, agenda. Climate change adaptation policies were introduced in 2010 but are far from being fully implemented. Its policies for limiting emissions will have a significant impact on the global climate for decades Primeiro, a história institucional e legislativa do ambiente em Portugal, desde o início da sua fase contemporânea com a criação da Comissão Nacional de Ambiente (CNA) em 1971. Furthermore, J, U and O chromosomes are almost fixed for “warm” adapted inversions. In: Almeida JF, ed. and financial crisis that started in the late 2000s, among others. (Robert E. Shafer); (15) "High Stakes Testing in Reading: Today in Texas, Tomorrow? Moreover, the proposed formula to limit the use of flexible instruments places cohesion countries at a disadvantage. 2001, 2002. doi: 10.1002/hyp.7247. Increase the integration of local knowledge and perceptions of adaptation pathways through novel participatory methods and deliberative tools to create co-designed and effective adaptation strategies. The Harvard Project on Climate Agreements is conducting a series of virtual forums addressing key issues in climate-change and related energy policy. In the second half of the 1990s, Portuguese researchers started to consider the problem, of downscaling of General Circulation Model (GCM), climate scenarios for Portugal and to assess the, advances in projecting future climate scenarios for, Portugal have been made since the beginning of this, century. Interviews and focus groups with journalists, revealed that the status of climate change and, the environment, in general, is very different in. meteorology and climatology research in Portugal. Modern, scientific research on meteorology and climatology started in Portugal in the 1950s. In Portugal various actions are being taken by the government to tackle climate change. Climate Change Laws of the World is a global database of climate change laws, policies, ... Portugal's National Energy and Climate Plan for 2021-2030. The EU Strategy for Adaptation to Climate, Change, might lead to a more fruitful collaboration, between member States. It is estimated that, by2030, the region will have a noticeable increase in the number of days with temperatures above 40°C. Improve and develop new assessment methods and tools for assessing climate impacts, vulnerabilities, risks and policies. With little tradition of environmental politics, and values, all of Portugal’s governmental climate, change policies have been shaped and applied under, the strong influence of the EU. The article also analyses how the conflicts and cooperation between these key actors can shed light on the possibilities and/or limitations of just transition as a framework for the collective action needed to achieve rapid, deep decarbonisation of economies in the Global North context. of information sources did not seem to impact on, perceptions of the probability of being affected by, climate change or perceptions of risk. the regional assessment for the Madeira archipelago, the next natural step would be to initiate assessment, studies of climate change vulnerabilities and impacts at, municipal level in order to construct and implement, local adaptation strategies. Given the long tradition and relevance of water debates in Spain and Portugal, the sociopolitical and territorial conflicts surrounding the implementation of the new regulatory framework are of particular significance. That study concluded that due to its situation at, the extreme southwestern part of Europe, Portugal is, particularly vulnerable to climate change impacts that. In 1946, the National Meteorological, Weather Service was established simultaneously with, the creation of the first university course in geophysical, sciences at the University of Lisbon. do Ambiente da Madeira, 2006, Available at: http://, www.sra.pt/files/PDF/Destaques/Brochura%20CLIM. (Accessed October 29, 2013). Such a transition requires that the interests and needs of workers and their communities be taken into consideration to make sure they do not bear the heaviest part of the burden in terms of loss of jobs and means of survival, and that they are prepared to face the new, post-carbon labour environment. But if visible changes are occurring at an increased rate over shorter periods, then the time series of the hydrologic variables more directly related to the climate, as rainfall or temperature, should denote progressively more pronounced signs of such changes, under the form of trends or non-homogeneities. An, operative national heat wave early warning system, was implemented to reduce the adverse effects of, future heat wave episodes. Scientists, health professionals, and environmental associations, were viewed as the most trusted sources of information. Rather than based on old cognitive deficit notions, communication actions should be participatory and, The so-called value-action gap is of course well, documented and apparently widespread around the. This includes analysis of social and economic benefits, sectoral adaptation costs, and policy making implications. Even after mitigation plans, were approved (PNAC and PNALE), most measures, were not put into practice. gal, potential impacts and adaptation measures. The first extensive study of public perceptions on, discuss the studies that have analyzed public under-, standing of and behavior toward climate change. followed by international organizations (13%–17%). Our ability to monitor Earth’s dynamic systems is enabled by collecting measurements and data focused on: oceans, atmosphere, climate, and near-space. Later research on the, impacts of climate change on human health has, SIAM also produced research on the impacts, of future wave climate scenarios on erosion in the, model wind field scenarios for 2060–2099 were used, to force the ocean waves. In 1990, the European Commission proposed, to the Council a strategy to stabilize greenhouse, gas (GHG) emissions by using a mix of efficiency, standards and fiscal instruments, and also to promote, research. are water resources, agriculture, forests, biodiversity, coastal zones, health, and tourism. Its policy design process was much more inclusive. 2009, 23:1202–1211. Alcoforado MJ, Andrade H. Nocturnal urban heat, island in Lisbon (Portugal): main features and. Coelho C, Silva R, Veloso-Gomes F, Taveira-Pinto, F. Potential effects of climate change on northwest. In contrast, trust in governments, and business (who are key actors regarding climate, change) is very low. Dessai, that peaks in volume coincided with international, summits, such as the Rio Earth Conference in, 1992 and the 1995 and 1997 Conferences of the, Parties to the UNFCCC. A civic, culture for water management is lacking, which may, raise tensions and generate conflicts in a context of. Controversies have also emerged around the extensive use of exceptions which has allowed the hydraulic paradigm to persist over time. agent for the resolution of environmental problems. While Portugal is placed 14th overall on the list containing 57 countries, the country is placed first in terms of policies to counter the effects of climate change. These questions, were addressed mainly at the national level by the, scientific community of each country. Toll); (13) "Barriers to Literacy for Language-Minority Learners: An Argument for Change in the Literacy Education Profession" (Rachel A. This behavior is also apparent in the time series, 1976–2006, the annual mean temperature in the, is more than double the rate of mean annual global, temperature increase. A Strategic Framework for Climate Policy was adopted in 2015, through the Resolution of the Council of Ministers No.56/2015. climate change was mainly associated with droughts, flooding, and sea-level rising (there were also frequent, associations to disease but proportionally fewer. considered but have hardly been paid heed in Portugal. mitigation of climate change in the Sintra municipality, amara Municipal de Sintra, 2009. Climate change politics and policies is the, least researched of the three domains discussed in, this article. doi: 10.1093/icesjms/fsp132. 54. Climate Science & Climate Change Climate change and global warming are urgent areas of interest to humanity. Reflect local realities and diverse techniques are used to communicate research and policy in:. 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